Family DNA - Karen's Keys to Genealogy







						The chart below shows the Y-DNA of male lines and the mitochondrial DNA of female lines in the ancestry of Karen Schlussel. The codes displayed represent identified haplogroups. For further information on each, please see the notes below the chart.

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			Note #1 — J-PF5456 Haplogroup J-M304, also known as J*, is a human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is believed to have evolved in Western Asia. The clade spread from there during the Neolithic, primarily into North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Socotra, the Caucasus, Southeast Europe, West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia. Haplogroup J-M304 is divided into two main subclades (branches), J-M267 and J-M172. For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(Y-DNA)

			Note #2 — R0a2m Haplogroup R0 occurs frequently in the Arabian Plate with its highest frequency in Socotri, Yemen. It is also found in a high frequency in Kalash, Pakistan, and in a smaller frequency in North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Anatolia, the Iranian Plateau and Dalmatia. Its greater variety in the Arabian Plate suggests R0a originated in and spread from there. For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R0_(mtDNA)

			Note #3 — E-Y18621 Previously known as E1b1b1c (E-M123) is also quite common among both Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews, accounting for over 10% of all male lines. For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_E-M123

Note #4 — H7c2

Several independent studies conclude that haplogroup H probably evolved in West Asia about 30,000 years ago having arrived in Europe about 20-25,000 years ago, spreading rapidly to the southwest of the continent.
Subhaplogroup H7 is present in both Europe and West Asia and is quite rare.
For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)

Note #5 — H1e4a

Several independent studies conclude that haplogroup H probably evolved in West Asia about 30,000 years ago having arrived in Europe about 20-25,000 years ago, spreading rapidly to the southwest of the continent.
Subhaplogroup H7 is present in both Europe and West Asia and is quite rare.
For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_H_(mtDNA)

Note #6 — EM35

E1b1b1 (E-M35) is defined by the M35 SNP. E-M35 includes individuals with the "ancestral state" (no known sub-clade forming mutations). These are referred to as E1b1b1* or E-M35*.
For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_E-M215_(Y-DNA)

Note #7 — K2a2a1

It is the most common subclade of haplogroup U8, and it has an estimated age of c. 12,000 years BP. Haplogroup K appears in West Eurasia, North Africa, and South Asia and in populations with such an ancestry.
For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_K_(mtDNA)

Note #8 — G-P303

Haplogroup G-P303 (G2a3b1) is a branch of haplogroup G (Y-DNA) (M201). In descending order, G-P303 is additionally a branch of G2 (P287), G2a (P15), G2a3 (L30 or S126) and finally G2a3b (L141). This haplogroup represents the majority of haplogroup G men in most areas of Europe west of Russia and the Black Sea. To the east, G2a3b1 is found among G persons across the Middle East, Iran, the southern Caucasus area, China and India. P303 exhibits its highest diversity in the Levant.
For further information see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_G-P303

Note #9 — R-FTA60190